If you make an adjustment to a document, it will also be reflected in the subsequently generated balance. However, to make the adjustment, you need to remove the deduction of the given tax document (ZDD) from the tax document, unpair it from the bank payment, make the change, re-pair it with the bank, and apply the deduction.
As a general rule, changing the variable symbol on documents will be propagated to the pairing symbol in the balance.